Occurrence of Clostridium botulinum in Four Species of Fish in the Persian Gulf

Authors

  • Sadeghi Sarvestani MV
  • Poormontaseri M
  • Fazeli M
  • Hosseinzadeh S

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3823/2102

Keywords:

Clostridium botulinum, mPCR, Fish, Persian Gulf, Selective culture, Clostridium botulinum, mPCR, Fish, Persian Gulf, Selective culture

Abstract

Background: Food poisoning (FP) caused by Clostridium botulinum is the most serious feature of FP in man consuming the contaminated food stuffs specifically seafood. The occurrence of the contamination to different species of the bacteria in four species of fish in Persian Gulf was investigated using selective culture and multiplex PCR (mPCR) assays.

Methods: The samples were initially enriched in cooked meat broth for 7 days at 30 °C in an anaerobic condition followed by subculture onto blood agar. DNA of the samples were then extracted for  further mPCR assay using three species-specific pair of primers to amplify the  782, 205 and 389 bp fragments corresponding to the  A, B and E types of the microorganism (MO).

Results: Out of 120 specimens, C. botulinum was detected in 5 samples (4.2%). Altogether, five and two samples were respectively positive in the mPCR and culture assays which were significantly different (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: No evidence of type E was shown; which, was possibly resulted from the limitation of our study. Our results have suggested a reliable molecular assay to employ in the food Laboratories for rapid identification and differentiation of various kinds of C. botulinum.

References

Lalitha KV, Gopakuma K. Sensitivity of Tilapia [Oreochromis mossambicus] to Clostridium botulinum toxins. Aquac Res 2008, 32(9): 761–764.

Lafrancois BM, Riley SC, Blehert DS, Ballmann AE. Links between type E botulism outbreaks, lake levels, and surface water temperatures in Lake Michigan, 1963–2008. J Great Lakes Res 2011, 37: 86–91.

Kummel J, krametter FR, Six G, Brunthaler R, Baumgartner W, Altenbrunner MB. Descriptive study of botulism in an Austrian dairy herd: a case report. Vet Med 2012, 57: 143-149.

Pier C.L, Chen C, Tepp WH, Lin G, Janda KD, Barbieri JT, Pellett S, Johnson EA. Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A2 enters neuronal cells faster than subtype A1. FEBS Letters 2011, 585: 199–206.

Thajeb T, Chen YM, Dai DF, Thajeb DD, Thajeb P. Botulism. A frequently forgotten old Maladei. Int J Gerontol 2007, 1(3): 118-124.

De Medici D, Anniballi F, Wyatt GM, Lindström M, Messelhäußer U, Aldus CF, Fenicia L. Multiplex PCR for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia in Clinical, Food, and Environmental Samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009, 75 (20): 6457–61

Ahmed SH, Badary MS, Mohamed WA, Elkhawaga AA. Multiplex PCR for detection and genotyping of C. botulinum types A, B, E and F neurotoxin genes in some Egyptian food products. J Anim Sci 2011, 7(10): 176-190.

Lindsrom M, Kiviniemi K, Korkeala H. Hazard and control of group II [non-proteolytic] Clostridium botulinum in modern food processing. IJFM 2006, 108: 92-104.

Hielm S, Hyytia E, Ridell J, Korkeala H. Prevalence of Clostridium botulinum in Finnish Trout farms: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing reveals extensive genetic diversity among type E isolates. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998, 64(11): 4161-4167.

Fach P, Fenicia L, Knutsson R, Wielinga PR, Anniballi F, Delibato E, Auricchio B, Woudstra C, Agren J, Segerman B, de Medici D, Van Rotterdam BJ. An innovative molecular detection tool for tracking and tracing Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, F and other botulinum neurotoxin producing Clostridia based on the Gene Disc cycler. Int J Food Microbiol 2011, 1(10): 145-151.

Peck MW, Stringer SC, Carter AT. Clostridium botulinum in the post-genomic era. Food Microbiol 2010, 52: 1-9.

Tavakoli HR, Tabatabaee A. The distribution study of types B, A and E Clostridium botulinum in some of the native fish species of Iran (trout, perch, Sangsar, walrus). J Kowsar Med 2005, 10(1): 13-20.

Barari M, Kalantar E. An outbreak of type A and B botulism associated with traditional vegetable pickle in Sanandaj. Iran J Clinic Infect Dis 2010, 5(2): 111-112.

Tavakoli HR, Zeynali M, Mehrabi Tavana A. Scrutiny of food-borne botulism intoxication in Iran during 2003-2007 with the food hygiene view point. Hakim Res J 2009, 11(4): 38- 46.

Kauuter DA. The detection of Clostridium botulinum type E in smoked fish products in the Pacific Northwest. Can J Microbiol 1964, 16(3): 207-209.

Kuplulu O, Goncuoglu M, Ozderir H, Koluman A. Incidence of Clostridium botulinum spores in honey in Turkey. Food Cont 2006, 17: 222-224.

Huss HH, Pedersen A, Cann DC. The incidence of Clostridium botulinum in Danish trout farms: I. Distribution in fish and their environment. J Food Technol 1974, 9(4): 445–450.

Razavilar V, Tavakoli HR. A prevalence of study human toxigenic types of Clostridium botulinum (A,B,E) in some sea water fishes of Northern [Rutilusfrisikutum and Mugilouratusaisso] and Southern [ Otulitus rubber and Stromateusniger] regions of Iran. J Fac Vet Med Univ Tehran 2006, 61(1): 39-42.

Akhondzadeh Basti A, Misaghi A, Zahraei Salehi T. Bacterial pathogens in fresh smoked and salted Iranian fish. Food control 2006, 17(3): 183-188.

Lindstrom M, Keto R, Markkula A, Nevas M, Hielm S, Korkeala H. Multiplex PCR assay for detection and identification of Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F in food and fecal material. AEM 2001, 67(12): 5694-5699.

Nevas M, Lindstrom M, Horman A, Keto-Timonen R, Korkeala H. Contamination routes of Clostridium botulinum in the honey production. Environm Microbiol 2006, 8: 1085-1094.

Downloads

Published

2016-10-22

Issue

Vol. 9 (2016)

Section

Global Health & Health Policy

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access and Benefits of Publishing Open Access).

 

Â